Who makes the call? Inside Blacksburg and Virginia Tech’s shared community

By Hafsa Ayubi, Politics and Government Reporter

Virginia Tech and the Town of Blacksburg used the first town-gown meeting of the fall semester Sept. 10 to answer a deceptively simple question: When an issue affects both campus and town, who is actually in charge? The public meeting at the Creativity and Innovation District brought town officials, university representatives and students together to explain where their responsibilities differ and how they work together.

The meeting, titled “Town and University Governance,” focused on how Blacksburg and Virginia Tech are led, organized and responsible for decision-making. The distinction matters in a college town where issues such as housing, transportation, development and student behavior can affect both students and permanent residents. Blacksburg and Virginia Tech share one community, but they do not share one government.

The official meeting description said the discussion would highlight the distinct responsibilities of local government and university administration, as well as how the two institutions collaborate on issues affecting the broader Blacksburg community.

For Blacksburg, authority begins with the Town Council. Blacksburg has operated under a council-manager form of government since 1952. The council adopts ordinances and resolutions, approves the town budget, sets tax rates, makes land-use and zoning decisions and establishes long-range policies. It appoints a town manager, who carries out those policies and oversees town operations.

Virginia Tech has a separate structure. The university’s Board of Visitors serves as its overall governing body, while University Council, senates, commissions and committees participate in a shared governance system that reviews issues and makes policy recommendations. That means an issue involving an off-campus development within the town, for example, can involve Blacksburg’s land-use authority, while decisions about university policies or operations move through Virginia Tech’s own administrative and governance structure.

The two systems may be separate on paper, but life in Blacksburg rarely stays neatly inside those lines.

Steve Ross, a Blacksburg deputy town manager, compared the relationship between the town and university to a family. Ross is one of two current deputy town managers listed by the town.

“We are codependent of each other like siblings we get along most of the time, but we always come together.”

Steve Ross, Blacksburg deputy town manager, explains the town’s council-manager form of government during the Sept. 10 Town Gown meeting on town and university governance.
Photo by Hafsa Ayubi, TheNewsFeedNRV.com.

That relationship is part of the reason Town Gown exists. The group brings together town and Virginia Tech staff, students and residents six times a year for conversations about issues affecting the broader community. Town Gown is co-chaired by a Blacksburg deputy town manager and Virginia Tech’s vice president for Student Affairs, with topics selected each year based on the interests and feedback of participants.

Previous Town Gown discussions show how often the two institutions’ responsibilities intersect. Meetings have addressed off-campus housing, policing, university housing, campus planning and construction, and issues where decisions made on one side of the community can have consequences on the other.

The Sept. 10 meeting also highlighted that university governance is not limited to administrators. Virginia Tech’s shared governance system includes senates representing undergraduate students, graduate and professional students, faculty, staff and administrative and professional faculty. These groups participate in a process that can send policy recommendations through University Council to university leadership.

Undergraduate Student Senate President Lindsay Ricci said understanding that system is important because many students do not realize they have representation within it. Virginia Tech lists Ricci as the Undergraduate Student Senate president for the 2026-27 academic year.

“I think it’s really important just to know what community you’re involved in, what’s going on in the community, and how to support the community just by spreading information and getting to know, getting together, to know one another, and also just hearing from the town side, and also the university side.”

For students, knowing which institution controls an issue can determine where they take a concern. A question about town zoning or an ordinance follows a different path than a concern about university policy. Other issues, including transportation and housing, can involve both institutions because their effects cross the campus boundary.

Ricci said students can also have a more direct role in university decision-making than they may realize.

“I think it’s really helpful, because I think the first thing is students knowing about us and about student governance, because they don’t know how they’re represented and how we’re directly a part of the university system, in which we get a vote on university policy recommendations.”

The Undergraduate Student Senate maintains representation on University Council and other university-level governance bodies. Four USS officials serve as representatives on University Council, where they can discuss or present issues affecting undergraduate students. University Council reviews and makes recommendations on university policy, while final authority rests with the university president and Board of Visitors.

Marlena Lester, a representative of Virginia Tech’s Administrative and Professional Faculty Senate, discusses the principles of shared governance during the Sept. 10 Town Gown meeting.
Photo by Hafsa Ayubi, TheNewsFeedNRV.com.

That structure gives student representatives a place to bring the student experience into university policy discussions.

“And so they just don’t know, that we can help change that and sway the vote as well, of just, putting our opinion out there there, not everyone knows about the student experience unless you’re a student,” Ricci said.

For Ricci, awareness is the first step toward participation.

“So I think it’s important for them to get involved.”

Town Gown’s purpose is not to merge the two governments, but to create a place where the people working within them can better understand how their decisions connect. The Town of Blacksburg describes the group as working toward “strengthening, nurturing and sustaining relationships” across all sections of the community.

The Sept. 10 discussion showed why knowing the difference matters. There is not always one person or institution with authority over every problem that touches Blacksburg and Virginia Tech. Sometimes the answer starts with Town Council. Sometimes it starts with university governance. And for issues that cross the edges of campus, the answer can require both sides to come to the same table.

Twenty-five years later, educators explain 9/11 to children 

By Erin Bailey, education reporter 

A quarter century after the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center located in lower Manhattan, New York City, the day remains prevalent in the nation’s memory. Remembered both for its tragedy and for the heroes who saved countless lives, 9/11 continues to be taught in schools as a life-changing moment in American history.

Man overlooks the Sept. 11, 2001 memorial during the 25th anniversary ceremony on Friday, Sept. 2026 in New York City. Photo Courtesy (Associated Press) 

On the morning of Sept. 11, 2001, four commercial planes were hijacked by members of the al-Qaeda Islamic terrorist group. Two planes, American Airlines Flight 11 and United Airlines Flight 175, crashed into the north and south towers of the World Trade Center, killing all passengers on impact and trapping individuals in the towers. After the collision, both towers collapsed only giving some individuals the opportunity to escape. American Airlines Flight 77 crashed into the Pentagon, and United Flight 93 crashed in an empty field in Shanksville, Pennsylvania, which was thought to be headed to the White House for another attack.

The terrorist attack took the lives of 2,977 individuals and injured thousands located in the towers, the Pentagon and Shanksville. As the years pass, educating the importance of the attacks and how the tragedy brought the nation together stays relevant in school systems. 

According to Stephanie Miller, a fifth grade teacher at Christiansburg Elementary School, a moment of silence to honor the victims the day of 9/11 starts the conversation amongst her students in the classroom. 

“We have a conversation about the significance of the day,” Miller said. “A lot of times, my students will have stories that their parents have told them, they’ll share their parents’ stories. We talk about how it’s something that more united the country instead of tore us apart, and how they learned to adapt, build, overcome and recover from it to make us stronger together.” 

While elementary school students weren’t alive during the time of the attacks, Miller works her lesson around how the event affects her students today, explaining to her students that security and flying drastically changed following the attack. Miller’s students can often connect their experiences with flying to grasp an understanding of new laws put into place. 

Although teachers continue to educate students on the attack, a set curriculum covering the event varies from state to state based on their standards.

“Most of what we teach in elementary social studies is going to be directly to whatever the state standards are, and if there’s not a standard about 9/11, that makes it hard to bring it into your curriculum,” said Amy Allen, an associate professor of history and social science in the elementary education program in the School of Education at Virginia Tech.

Virginia Tech lowers the American flag to half-staff in front of Burruss Hall on Sept. 11, 2026, to honor the lives lost 25 years ago in the terrorist attack. Photo Courtesy (Erin Bailey, The News Feed NRV)

While standards may vary, Allen elaborates that patriotism holds importance in elementary education. 

“A lot of standards are about patriotism,” Allen said. “The thing that happened after 9/11 is there was a huge surge of patriotism in the U.S and people were thinking differently about what it meant to be an American, what it meant to support a cause.”

The tragedy is often taught to younger students through a series of picture books that focus on both the individuals that lost their lives and first responders who helped at the scene. 

“There are books about 9/11 that are really great books to use,” Allen said. “There’s a book about firefighters that when I was teaching that I would often use to teach about 9/11, and it wasn’t a 9/11 specific book. It was just about firefighters, but that introduced that idea. It is called “September 12: We Knew Everything Would Be Alright” and it was created by students; it taught that basically after a really tragic event, the world goes on.”

The 9/11 Memorial and Museum offers a virtual view of the memorial located in New York. The “interactive video experience” gives individuals the opportunity to walk through different exhibitions that are present at the museum without having to be in person. 

“There’s a website and it’s like a Google Maps street view where the students can kind of virtually walk through the museum and it’s like a scavenger hunt,” Miller said. “They have questions on a paper that they need to answer, so they’re going through the museum and reading the plaques, information and filling in a note sheet to educate themselves more about it.” 

As 2026 marks the 25th anniversary of 9/11, families and friends of the victims gathered for a ceremony in Memorial Plaza. The ceremony read aloud the names of the men, women and children who passed due to the attacks. A total of six moments of silence were given to mark each tragedy. An additional moment of silence was given to those who lost their lives due to 9/11 health effects. 

According to Andrew Webb, the administrator of communications, public relations and marketing for Montgomery County Public Schools, the Junior Reserve Officer Training Corps performed a flag ceremony this year at Christiansburg High School marking the times that the planes would’ve hit the buildings. 

“It’s definitely on the forefront of our minds, making sure that our students are educated and know what happened 25 years ago,” Webb said.

Junior ROTC at Christiansburg High School performs flag ceremony in remembrance of the 9/11 attacks on Sept. 11, 2026. Photo Courtesy (Montgomery County Public Schools) 

Climbing to Remember: How the Blacksburg Community Honors 9/11

By Alex Frank, health and wellness reporter

On the morning of Sept. 11, 2001, 343 firefighters died while responding to the attacks at the World Trade Center in New York City. Twenty-five years later, people are still remembering and honoring the lives of those first responders but also the thousands of others who lost their lives in the attacks.

On the morning of Sept. 11, 2026, members of the Virginia Tech Corps of Cadets, the Blacksburg Fire Department, and several sports teams met at Lane Stadium at 5 a.m.to take on the 110-story remembrance climb to signify the 110 flights of stairs it took to reach the top of the Twin Towers.

Members of the Virginia Tech Corps of Cadets participating in the stair climb the Morning of Sept. 11, 2026. Photo courtesy of the Virginia Tech Corps of Cadets. 

In addition to the morning climb by first responders and the Corps, many other community members took their own remembrance climb. Throughout the day, members of the Virginia Tech and Blacksburg communities climbed the steps in the stadium. 

While the stair climb is a great physical challenge, it isn’t the workout that is the main purpose; rather, they are meant to serve as a reminder of the sacrifice of the men and women who responded to the attacks on that day in 2001, as well as the thousands of other victims. 

The significance of remembrance on the day of 9/11 is not lost on many, even those who weren’t alive on the day of the attacks. 

Ryan Storm is the head Air Force physical fitness officer for the Virginia Tech Air Force ROTC. Storm is one of the cadets tasked with planning and coordinating the stair climb event. When reflecting on what 9/11 means to him, Storm explains, “I know the sacrifice that those men and women make each and every day, and on September 11th, when their nation called on them, they ran towards the fight with no hesitation.“ Despite not being alive for 9/11, Storm is inspired by the bravery of the men and women who responded to the call that morning. Storm says the morning stair climb is “an incredible way to bring everyone together with one common goal of paying our respects and helping those participating gain a small perspective into the true pain and sacrifice.” 

One hundred ten flights of stairs are no easy task, though. It amounts to more than 2,000 stairs, and it’s easy to want to quit. Cid Wyler is a member of the Virginia Tech Corps of Cadets, and he explains that, despite the difficulty, he had a strong reason not to quit. “I kept going because of the challenge itself and the desire to honor those who served on 9/11. Pushing through discomfort felt like a small way to recognize their strength and sacrifice.”

Storm hopes those who participated in the morning stair climb understand that the event is not just about climbing stairs, but about taking time to recognize the magnitude of the events of Sept. 11th. Storm wanted a way for everyone there to be able to grasp the scale so he came up with a plan, “When participants entered Lane, they were given a slip of paper with a name on it. A large number of the participants were even given a second name. Nearly twice as many people who participated in the stair climb (this morning) lost their lives that day.”

Others also completed the stair climb, in addition to the Corps of Cadets and fire department. Throughout the day, people could be seen making the trek to the top of Lane Stadium, down, and right back up again. 

A woman climbs the stairs on her own early in the morning of Friday, Sept. 11, 2026. Photo by Alex Frank.

One participant, Ryley Crabtree, when asked about why he decided to participate, said this: “It was tough to get out of bed this morning, and I’m not a big runner, but it felt like something I had to do, and it felt like the right thing to do.” 

The number of people who participated in the climb throughout the day shows just how much significance remembering the Sept. 11th attacks has a quarter-century later. Many of the young people who participated were not alive, but the impact of the stories they have heard and the connection that is felt through the shared hardship of stairs is something that continues to resonate. Crabtree said, “On days like today it really feels like no matter who you are or what you believe we can all come together for a greater cause.”

Crabtree and his friends climbing the stairs Friday, Sept. 11, 2026. Photo by Alex Frank. 

As participants continued making their way up and down the stairs of Lane Stadium and elsewhere throughout Blacksburg, the climb became more than a simple test of endurance and strength. To those who took the time to do it each step became a chance to remember those who werre lost in the attacks 25 years ago while also serving as a reminder of the commitment and bravery of the first responders who answered the call the morning of September 11, 2001.

New Year Means New Opportunities for Hokies to Study Abroad

By Kiera McMahon, education reporter

BLACKSBURG, Va. — The Virginia Tech Study Abroad Fair will be held on the Drillfield on Sept. 22, encouraging new and returning students to participate in programs that will give them opportunities to explore the world. The fair will connect students with information about programs and resources available through the Global Education Office (GEO). With the start of a new school year, the fair offers an early opportunity for students to learn how studying abroad can fit into their college experience. 

For students unsure of where to begin, the Global Education Office says there are many more options available than most expect. In an interview, Erin Doherty, the outreach strategist and events manager with the Global Education Office, spoke about the efforts the GEO makes to get students interested and prepared for studying abroad. Understanding how study abroad programs are created and advertised can help students remain informed about what the Global Education Office can do for them. Doherty said that the goal is to help students find what suits them best in terms of interest and academic success. 

Her comments were slightly edited for length and clarity. 

Erin Doherty, the outreach strategist and events manager with the Global Education Office, posing for a picture. Photo provided by Regina Lograsso.

What role does the Global Education Office play in helping students study abroad?

So, we play a major role in it. We have the students come and talk to our peer advisors, talk about the three main things that they should consider with studying abroad, which is what their support needs are, what their budget is, and then their career and academic goals. So, we try and find programs that fit all three of those and then set them up to go talk to their academic advisor to see if any of those programs would fit their academic credits that they have left in their transcript.

So they can sit down with their academic advisor, look at the transcript, see how study abroad can fit in, and then make sure that their schedule aligns to support going to study abroad because we’re here to add to the experience of your time as a Hokie, not add to your time as a Hokie here. So we’re just trying to set you all up for the best success with that. 

What are some interests you gauge from new students in regards to studying abroad?

Where they want to study abroad is a big one, and when they want to study abroad. So, are we looking at freshman years? Sophomore years? Junior years? Typically we see sophomores and juniors go in general. So really it’s where they want to study abroad and what they’re interested in.

Are there any particular questions you hear from students?

I know we’re really excited when we hear all the different places that the students want to study, especially outside of Western Europe, because we have some great opportunities in New Zealand, Australia, as well as Japan and South Korea. Just a lot of great opportunities that don’t always come to mind when you first think of study abroad. 

How does the Global Education Office spark interest for study abroad programs?

So we have our Study Abroad Fair on September 22 on the Drillfield from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. That’s our biggest event of the year. Additionally, we were at Weeks of Welcome. We got to speak to the College of Science freshmen. And then we do a lot of tabling. 

We’re always looking to collaborate with different departments and student organizations to create an experience where we can broaden our outreach. We do a lot of classroom outreach with advisors and stuff like that.

What are the biggest misconceptions that students have?

That you have to study a different language to go abroad. There are opportunities to study abroad in a country that is not your native language where the classes are in English. And that’s really cool because it’s not as scary. 

Or that you have to do the entire semester. There’s programs for spring embedded, fall embedded, winter break, and summertime. There’s literally a program for everyone.

How does the GEO make studying abroad financially accessible?

GEO as well as other colleges on campus offer a lot of scholarships and right now, we are doing study abroad info sessions that center around financial aid and scholarships so that students are more aware of what their options are, both at Virginia Tech and outside of Virginia Tech to help fund it. In our newsletter, we talk about different deadlines and opportunities that come up. The important thing is study abroad can be affordable and the sooner you are proactive in terms of trying to figure out when you can study abroad and what kind of program, the better chance we have to help you find a way to afford it and set you up for meeting the deadlines for the scholarships to apply for. 

What do you hope students take away from studying abroad?

I hope that they come away with a better understanding of how they can impact the world positively, the difference that they can make in the world, as well as, you know, just expanding their horizons. Hokies really do make a big difference, no matter where they go, and I hope that their study abroad program increases their confidence as well as their academic experience. 

What is the most important thing that students should know about studying abroad?

Everyone can study abroad. If you’re an athlete, you can study abroad. If you’re in the cadets, you can study abroad. The main thing is, the more proactive you are, the better we can set you up for success to have those conversations with your academic advisor and financial aid. And that comes into talking to our peer advisors and our advising team because we really want to make sure that we’re steering you in the right direction. 

What’s really going on with Virginia Tech dining? Here’s what Hokies need to know

By Taylor Berenbaum, health and wellness reporter

Photo by Bianca Campoverde for Virginia Tech.

Virginia Tech Dining Services has introduced several changes this semester, from a new all-you-care-to-eat model at Owens Food Court to adjustments in how students access other dining locations.

Owens Food Court now operates as an all-you-care-to-eat dining center alongside D2. Students with unlimited meal plans can access those locations once every 60 minutes during operating hours. Other locations, including Turner Place, Perry Place, West End and Squires Food Court, offer different combinations of meal exchanges and declining-balance options.

According to Margaret Ashburn, associate director of media relations and deputy spokesperson, the changes were more than a year in the making. Dining Services developed the new plans in response to concerns that the previous Flex Plans were not meeting students’ needs and growing interest in unlimited dining options. Owens was also added to increase dining capacity for students on unlimited plans.

The new system has become a source of confusion during the first weeks of the semester. Students have questions about which locations accept their meal plans, what qualifies as a meal exchange and how to access food when popular dining centers become crowded or other concepts are closed.

To better understand the transition, a Virginia Tech Dining Services student employee who works in a leadership role and is based in Owens Hall discussed what they have observed during the first weeks of the semester. The employee requested anonymity due to their position within the department.

The employee’s comments were edited slightly for length and clarity.

From your perspective as someone working in dining, what are the biggest changes students are experiencing this semester?

The biggest issues I’m seeing are meal plan confusion, frustration and inaccessibility. The department has been changing how the plans function during the first few weeks of the semester, which has made it difficult for students and employees to understand how everything works. Building the ship as we’re sailing it, really.

Staffing is another major challenge. Because of staffing needs, some dining concepts have had to close or reduce their hours, which means students do not always have access to the variety of food options available on campus.

What has the transition to Owens’ all-you-care-to-eat model looked like from the employee side, particularly during busy periods?

It has required a significant adjustment. The way Owens is set up physically does not always align easily with the new model, particularly during peak meal times.

The biggest challenge is the combination of increased demand and the way the dining space is structured. Between noon and 2 p.m., when demand is highest, it can become especially difficult for employees to keep up with the volume of students.

The peak meal rushes have become a significant challenge. There is a mismatch between how many students need food at certain times and how much capacity the dining operation has during those periods.

Long lines and crowds are some of the biggest issues. Seating can also become limited during peak periods. Outside of those peak periods, the system can be easier to manage. During rushes, the biggest challenges are long lines, frequent instances of items being unavailable and keeping up with housekeeping.

How has the increased demand at Owens affected staffing at other dining locations?

Employees have been moved from other dining locations to help staff Owens. For example, personnel have been pulled from Hokie Grill to support the increased demand at Owens.

That redistribution of employees can mean other concepts have to close or operate with reduced staffing. I’ve seen Choolah, Pizza Hut and Dunkin’ close around noon on many days to accommodate staffing needs at Owens.

How have the changes affected the way food is prepared and served?

The focus on serving a high volume of students can affect how food is prepared. When speed and output become the priority, maintaining the same preparation process can be difficult.

For example, at Pop’s in Owens, burgers may be precooked and then warmed on the grill before being served. That differs from a made-to-order model like the one at West End.

What questions or confusion do you hear most often from students about the new dining setup?

A lot of students ask whether they chose the wrong meal plan and whether it is too late to change it. Meal exchanges are another major source of confusion. Students ask how they work and why they cannot necessarily get everything they want with one exchange.

Students also ask why so many dining concepts are closed and how they are supposed to get meals when their only free time happens to be during the busiest dining periods.

What should students understand about meal exchanges?

Meal exchange equivalencies are a big one. A meal exchange generally works like an employee meal voucher: an entrée, two sides and one drink, with a value of around $15. However, individual dining concepts can determine what qualifies as a meal exchange.

For example, at Choolah, a bowl with a Mango Lemonade may qualify as a meal exchange, while a wrap and Mango Lassi may not.

What do you think students should know about navigating Dining Services this semester?

Speak up. Students should contact Hokie Passport Services or speak with a manager if they have questions about their meal plans or dining options. They should make sure they understand the parameters of the new freedoms and the restrictions that come with them.

Student employees are doing their best to help, but ultimately we are messengers. When policies change, especially when they change quickly, it can be difficult for employees to have all of the answers immediately.

Students and their families are investing a significant amount in these meal plans, so I think it is important that the system remains transparent and user-friendly.

How could the growth of Blacksburg impact our local watershed and ecology?

By Robbie Potter, Environment and Climate reporter

There are few challenges in local environmental conservation as pressing as balancing rapid urban growth with the health of surrounding watersheds. In Blacksburg, these ecosystems are feeling pressure as the town and Virginia Tech continue to develop. Southwest Virginia is also seeing an increase in migration attributed primarily to increased cost of living in Northern Virginia and remote workers deciding to live in more affordable areas, adding to the pressure.

Enter Cassidy Brandt. With a Bachelors of Science in environmental studies from Florida and a Masters of Science in plant biology from Oklahoma, she focuses her research on the intersection of humans and ecology. Now working as a museum educator, her goal is to help inform the public on the importance of environmental health and practical community action.

Brandt views small local changes like the adoption of rain gardens and permeable pavement as a crucial way to create greater change down the road.

In a recent interview, Brandt spoke about current ecological challenges in the Appalachian region, how towns like Blacksburg can continue to grow while protecting their local ecosystems, and the lack of public awareness on the important role groundwater plays in ecology.

Her comments were slightly edited for length and clarity.

What are some of the main stressors on the water quality and ecological health of local ecosystems from urban growth?

Freshwater ecosystems are particularly sensitive. It is a compounding situation where multiple stress factors, such as urban runoff and habitat fragmentation, stack on each other, pushing species out of a community and threatening ecological collapse.

Excess nutrients accumulate in rivers, streams, and ponds where they would not naturally occur. That leads to algal blooms, which deplete oxygen from the ecosystem and cause fish kills. Beyond nutrient loading, shifts in pH levels further impair the ability of native species to survive.

This is compounded by erosion and damming, especially in wetland regions where land is altered or dammed to accommodate housing developments in flood-prone areas. Altering natural waterways decreases available ecosystem space and causes species to die out when they can no longer access necessary resources.

Cassidy Brandt, waving in the middle row on the right, during an environmental research trip in The Gambia, Africa. Photo provided by Cassidy Brandt.

What efforts have been or are being made to maintain healthy water ecology in the Appalachian region.

Efforts across the Appalachian region work to counteract this damage. Numerous restoration projects focus on floodplains and wetlands harboring high biodiversity.

These initiatives often target charismatic species, such as the hellbender salamander in the Appalachian Mountains of North Carolina. Because hellbenders require a specific aquatic environment, protecting river habitats for them inherently safeguards the broader ecosystem for co-existing species. Targeting a charismatic species or one requiring a large, specific ecosystem helps encompass smaller species that might not receive individual conservation attention.

There is also a push for green infrastructure, such as rain gardens and green rooftops. Promoting public awareness around sustainable practices goes a long way. While an individual planting a rain garden or reducing hose usage will not solve regional issues on its own, it moves practices in the right direction. Widespread public adoption of green practices signals to larger organizations and corporations that communities value green spaces, encouraging them to adopt environmentally protective policies.

Other habitat restoration projects target native trout populations. Additionally, invasive species management is critical. While not strictly riparian, spotted lanternflies kill trees and shift ecological interactions, which ultimately affects aquatic ecosystems. Losing trees leads to root loss, destabilizing soil and increasing erosion in a cascading effect.

How can the town of Blacksburg balance growth with watershed health?

Towns like Blacksburg can balance urban growth with watershed health by integrating green infrastructure into development plans. Municipalities must expand livable spaces while leaving room for natural waterways and green areas.

Key strategies include establishing native plant gardens to anchor soil and prevent erosion, installing permeable pavement so rainwater can infiltrate ground soil and recharge groundwater reserves rather than running off paved surfaces, and creating vegetated filtration zones around lakes and ponds to filter pollutants before they enter broader waterways.

In your opinion, what is an aspect of local water management that you feel rarely gets enough attention?

One aspect of water management that receives insufficient attention is groundwater, primarily because it is not visible. Restoration projects often focus on surface issues like nutrient runoff and erosion because their impacts, such as algal blooms or fish kills, are immediately noticeable. Groundwater issues go unaddressed simply because they are out of sight.

Groundwater table fluctuations create ephemeral or vernal ponds during rainy seasons. Though temporary, these standing bodies of water are critical for amphibians like frogs and salamanders to breed. When urban development prevents groundwater recharge or introduces agricultural pesticides into these temporary pools, amphibian reproduction declines and competition intensifies in remaining habitats.

Ecology is an interlocking system. Changing one aspect of the environment creates widespread cascading effects. For instance, adding fertilizer to a field helps crops, but runoff encourages excessive plant growth in nearby ponds. When those aquatic plants die, their decomposition depletes oxygen, suffocating fish. Evaluating environmental actions requires looking past immediate results to understand broader, long-term ripple effects.

Virginia Tech students break through education barriers by leading Afghan women toward tomorrow

By Anastasia Simonenko, arts, culture and sports reporter

The expansion of the “She Leads Tomorrow” volunteer program is making an impact for Afghan women seeking education.

Every year, Virginia Tech’s Center for Refugee and Migrant Displacement Studies offers a variety of volunteer programs that connect students with refugees across the globe, from Kenya to the Middle East to Southwest Virginia.

One of these programs focuses on providing equal educational opportunities to women from Afghanistan, a country where girls are banned from attending secondary school.

Tech students develop direct relationships with mentees by helping them apply to college, prepare for interviews and put together resumes.

Virginia Tech junior Abigail Lee has helped pilot the program since it first came to campus last year. This year, alongside her fellow student leaders, Lee has worked to expand the program by recruiting more volunteers and giving more women a chance to receive support.

In an interview about her experience leading the program, Lee shared how she got involved, the impact she has seen from the work and how growing the program will open more doors.

Her comments were slightly edited for length and clarity.

Abigail Lee, student leader with “She Leads Tomorrow,” meeting with representatives of the Center for Refugee, Migrant, and Displacement Studies at Virginia Tech.

How did you first get involved with the program?

At the beginning of last school year, I got an email from the Center for Refugee and Migrant Displacement Studies (CRMDS). They had a few volunteer opportunities to help the local refugee population.

One of them stood out to me, which was “She Leads Tomorrow,” which was aimed at helping Afghan women pursue education. I had known that there’s a lot of oppression in Afghanistan and barriers to women pursuing their education.

I think it’s just always been a topic that I was passionate about. I care a lot about access to education because my mom is a teacher and my brother was a teacher. Access to education equally across the world is very important to me, as is equality across genders.

I didn’t really know much about what it was going to be about or what my role was going to be before I started.

Since it was the first year of the organization, I really played a larger role than I expected. I had to help get other volunteers or help make the curriculum, and I ended up having about 20 mentees.

What is different about this year’s program structure?

Last year, we had three mentors with about 20 mentees each, and we just thought that was pretty overwhelming for all of us. I think meeting with 20 students one-on-one is a lot.

This year, we were able to recruit a lot of new volunteers from GobblerFest, and we have about a dozen volunteers joining us, which will be great. So how we’re going to restructure it is two other program leaders and I are going to lead a large class session every week.

So all the mentees are going to get a class session each week, and then each mentor will have about three to five mentees instead of 20, and they’ll be able to meet with them one-on-one, so it’ll be much easier.

What has the experience been like?

It’s just been great. Getting to learn more about each of these women, their stories, how they got to where they are, I think it’s really inspirational.

Taking into account all the barriers that they face every day and how steadfast and determined they still are in pursuing their education, honestly, it inspires me because how am I going to skip class when there are people on the other side of the world whose literal dream is to be able to go to college?

It’s been inspirational for me, and it’s been great seeing the impact that I’ve been able to have.

I think sometimes when you’re in the nitty-gritty of daily work, and you’re like, “Oh, I have to meet with 20 mentees this week,” it can be overwhelming.

But at the end, having various messages from my mentees thanking me for my help or telling me they got into college and received scholarships has been really rewarding, to just be able to be part of their journey as well.

A lot of these women don’t have access to laptops or very reliable Wi-Fi, so they’re typing out these essays on their phones in the middle of the night, and they’re taking online classes when they can.

A lot of these women were able to go to school until about middle school. They go to high school either online or in very limited circumstances.

I think a commonality between their stories is just how resilient they are and how many hoops they’re willing to jump through to keep learning and keep pushing toward their goals.

Where do you see this program in a couple years? What do you hope to gain out of it?

I think even between last year and this year, it’s been able to expand a lot already. Last year, there was way more demand. There were hundreds and hundreds of students who wanted to be matched up, and unfortunately, there just weren’t enough student volunteers to be able to meet that load.

My hope for the future is that every student who wants a mentor can get one and that the mentors are really able to help them along their journey and be able to be a very helpful resource. I hope that it continues to grow into something that is impactful, not just for a couple of students here and there, but on a more structural level.

I mainly just hope to leave a structural impact. When I graduate, I hope that this program will continue to be in place in future years because it’s very beneficial to both the mentors and the mentees to have this system in place.

I hope that it continues beyond my graduation.

I hope to keep in touch with the women that I’ve mentored and hopefully see them go to their dream colleges, get scholarships or pursue their careers.

Local Bookseller to AI Companies: “Please Don’t Destroy Our Books”

By Nick Carlson, science and technology reporter

As AI companies buy used and antiquarian books in bulk to scan and then destroy, one Blacksburg bookseller is asking them to stop.

An internal Anthropic document, unsealed in Bartz v. Anthropic, describes the effort bluntly: “Project Panama is our effort to destructively scan all the books in the world.” 

Ellen Woodall, manager of Blacksburg Books, says the practice threatens more than physical inventory. It risks erasing history and altering what is truth. Without the original source material, there is no way to verify whether the information those models produce is accurate, or whether it has been altered along the way.

In an interview, Woodall discussed the threat and urged AI companies, “Please don’t destroy our books.”

Her comments were slightly edited for length and clarity.

AI is shaping how people access and receive information. How do you think training AI models on older texts, or AI more broadly, is reshaping the way information and truth get constructed?

That’s interesting, because if history is written by the victors, that’s a shaping of the truth as well. We’re seeing possibly not catastrophic failures yet, but if you’ve ever used a recipe you found off the internet and realized it was AI generated, you know it’s not always accurate information. So I think we should all be concerned about where we’re getting our information and whether it’s a source we can trust.

Is there a difference between scanning for preservation and scanning to train AI models?

I think that there are multiple differences. For example, Project Gutenberg is with the express intent to preserve the material. Whereas, for Project Panama, books are being scanned to teach AI models and then to be destroyed. There are multiple problems with that. It’s unclear to me whether the source material is being preserved. It’s unclear to everyone whether what AI models are learning is truly useful, and whether it’s ethical in the sense that some AI companies use this to skirt copyright infringement laws. That seems like a legal and moral gray area to me right now. 

How do you see this impacting copyright? 

Well, I don’t know a whole lot about it. I think a lot of people don’t know a whole lot about it. I think that some AI companies have argued that if they purchase the books and then scan them, that it’s fair use because they purchased the books. It’s unclear to me. But it seems like this is an ever evolving legal landscape that until we have some real answers, maybe we should be a little more critical about what’s happening and a lot more cautious. 

Do you worry about the possibility of AI companies changing wording or meaning in books?

That’s certainly something that can be done, and everyone should worry about that when the source material is destroyed. Whether you’re a historian or a scholar or just a regular person that wants to have a real sense of history, we should all be worried about history being changed. That seems pretty common sense. 

Do you see the mass purchase of books to train AI models and then be destroyed as a threat to your business?

Things are changing literally minute to minute with AI. I don’t see it affecting us that much in the near future because we’re not a huge dealer of antiquarian books. Our friends over in Christiansburg, Old New River Books, will probably have to deal with it, and they’ll have to deal with it sooner than we do. I have talked to a lot of my colleagues in other cities and states that are dealing with it, and it’s scary. I certainly have a very visceral reaction to the idea of books being destroyed. I don’t necessarily think that every copy of every book needs to be preserved. I used the example of James Patterson. We don’t need 50,000 copies of his 95th bestseller floating around, I think. But when we talk about things like antiquarian books where there’s one copy left, yeah, we probably don’t want to shred that. 

Why is it important to preserve physical books?

I think there are a lot of factors there. I’m biased, but for me, there’s a real aesthetic factor to it. Old books are beautiful. They’re artifacts that we can learn a lot from, not just from the text, but we can look at the binding and the script and the typeset and the materials used. These are all little bits of history that are important. You know, it’s the same reason you preserve a Mesopotamian clay tablet, even though we can just take a picture of it. I think that there is a real concern when we’re depending on duplications of information, and information that can be so easily altered. It’s nice to always have source material to go back to. 

What’s your first reaction when you hear of books being destroyed?

Certainly it’s alarming, and it’s something we keep an eye on. Like Anthropic’s Project Panama, I mean, it just sounds horrifying as a bookseller, and we haven’t been affected by it yet, but I have heard from many of my bookseller colleagues that people have been buying older books in bulk. It’s very alarming. The idea of books, particularly irreplaceable ones, being destroyed is kind of the antithesis of what we do. 

How would you react if a buyer bought books from your store with the intention of destroying them?

We haven’t had anyone approach us yet. We do have people approach us fairly regularly to buy old books. Often when people buy books in bulk, they’re either interior decorators or Instagram influencers that want something like these right behind you in the background of their shots. Because we haven’t had to deal with it yet, we haven’t consolidated a policy around it. We’re taking everything as it comes. I might feel a little odd asking somebody, what do you want the books for? Usually people will tell me. I would have serious second thoughts if someone is buying them to destroy them. That said, it depends on the books, right? Like if it’s a bunch of James Patterson books, they can have them. There are billions of those books, you know. If they’re older antiquarian books, then it would be a tough call.

Ellen Woodall, manager of Blacksburg Books. Photo provided by Ellen Woodall.

Freshmen, Meet the Campus Emergency Phones You Might Need Someday 

By Stephanie Ramos Vargas, Crime, Justice and Safety Reporter

For Virginia Tech students, help may be closer than they think. Scattered throughout campus are blue light and indoor emergency phones that offer another way to reach public safety when students are in need of police, fire or EMS help.  

Especially for the new freshman class, knowing where these phones are, also understanding what happens after the button is pressed could make a difference during an emergency.  

Emergency phones are a part of the university’s layered approach to campus safety. While even though nearly every student carries a cell phone, emergency phones provide a backup source for help.  

There are two main types of phones on campus. The standalone blue light phones which are located outdoors and emergency box phones that are inside buildings like residence hall and other campus spaces. Some of the older standalone phones are brown while others are a more vibrate blue color.  

The phones connect to the regional public safety emergency communications center located in downtown Christiansburg. From there, a dispatcher will determine what kind of help is needed and send police, fire, or rescue help.  

For Mac Babb, Chief of Police at Virginia Tech Police, the phones are a part of the broader system designed to give students multiple ways to access emergency services.  

What are the emergency phones on campus and what is their main purpose?  

There are two types of emergency phones: standalone blue-light phones located around campus and box phones located inside buildings.  

Their primary purpose is to give people a quick way to contact emergency services. The calls go directly to the public safety emergency communications center where dispatchers can determine whether police, fire, or EMS are needed.  

How does a student activate one of these phones?  

It’s very simple: press the buttons. 

The call goes immediately to the 911 center. A dispatcher will answer and ask questions about the emergency, and what assistance is needed and where the person is located. 

When should a student use an emergency phone instead of calling 911 from a cell phone? 

There really isn’t a difference. An emergency is an emergency.  

If a student already has a cell phone int their hand, they shouldn’t run to a blue-light phone. They can call 911 from their cell phone or through the Hokie Ready app.  

The important thing is using whichever is the fastest and most available. The emergency phones are there as an additional way to help 

What happens after the emergency phone is activated? 

The call goes to the dispatch center. The dispatcher asks a series of questions, takes information, and sends the call to the appropriate public safety agency.  

Police generally respond to calls on campus. If it’s a medical emergency, the recuse is dispatched. If it’s a fire, fire personnel are dispatched. In some cases, all the responders may come together.  

How quickly does someone respond after a phone is activated? 

The call is received immediately, and responders are dispatched as quickly as necessary once the information is entered. 

Officers generally respond directly to the location of the activated emergency phone. However, there are circumstances where a response can be canceled.   

Can students use the phones if they don’t have a life-threatening emergency but still feel unsafe? 

Absolutely. 

If someone is feeling unsafe, that can be a reason to contact public safety.  

In those situations, contacting public safety can connect students with resources, such as safe ride, or allow officers to address a situation.  

It doesn’t have to be a situation where someone is already seriously injured. If a student needs police assistance and doesn’t have another way to call, the emergency phones are an option.  

What should a student do it they accidentally press the emergency button? 

Stay there and talk to the dispatcher.  

The worst thing someone can do is get scared and run away. If we receive a call with no information about what happened, we have to assume somebody needs help and respond to the location.  

If the student stays and says it was an accident or that they didn’t realize what the button was, the dispatcher can usually cancel the call.  

No one gets in trouble for accidentally pressing the button. The exception would be intentionally activating the phone for a malicious reason.  

How often are the emergency phones tested? 

The exterior phones are checked monthly. Personnel test the buttons to make sure they’re working properly.  

If a phone isn’t functioning, a work order is submitted for repairs. Students may occasionally find one marked out of order.  

If students notice that a phone isn’t working, is flashing without connecting or has been vandalized, they should report it to the security center or police non-emergency number so a repair can be requested.  

What’s the biggest misunderstanding freshman may have about these phones? 

I think one of the biggest misunderstandings is that they are especially for calling the police. They’re really a way to call for help. The call can result in police, fire, or rescue being dispatched depending on what the situation is.  

Understanding that it’s not simply a police phone, but a way to reach public safety is probably the most important thing.  

What should every freshman know about the phones before they need one? 

Pay attention to where they’re located. 

Students should pay attention to their surroundings and identify resources before they need them. It’s similar to entering a building and identifying the exits in case the entrance you came thought becomes inaccessible.  

The goal is to train yourself to recognize the resources around you before an emergency happens.  

What would you tell a student who is nervous about contacting police through an emergency phone? 

Don’t be nervous about asking for help.  

We want students to see the police department as a resource. Officers are there to provide assistance when students need it. 

Students can also be also become more comfortable with officers’ through community and informational programs or simply by talking with officers when they see them around campus. 

It’s a good thing if you never have to call the police in your life. But if you do need help, you should feel comfortable reaching out. Officers are going to respond and provide assistance requested.  

Students who want more information about campus emergency phones, including their locations around campus, can visit the Virgina Tech Police website.  

William “Mac” Babb, chief of police at Virginia Tech Police Department and Director of Security. Photo provided by Mac Babb.

Blacksburg Mayor speaks on Montgomery County’s 250th year anniversary.

Kyle Reeder | Politics and Local Government Reporter

Montgomery County, located in the foothills of Southwest Virginia, celebrates its 250th anniversary after its establishment in 1776. The county is home to Virginia Tech, the Blue Ridge mountains, and the New River Valley outdoor tourism.

Recently elected Blacksburg Mayor Michael Sutphin took to city hall in November 2025. Sutphin’s role as Mayor in a college town where populations, issues, and demands fluctuate throughout the year, has proven to be busy. 

After serving on town council for 14 years, Mayor Sutphin is confident in his mayoral duties, and as a former Hokie, is excited to work closely with the university again. His race was a close win after an 18-vote difference with his opponent Pete Macedo.

Geographically, Montgomery County is located between the cities of Radford and Roanoke, and is often missed by interstate travelers on I-81. The county is home to two towns, Christiansburg and Blacksburg, and home to a combined population of 98,000. The growth of Montgomery County continues to climb each year, accumulating over 30,000 new residents over the past 50 years. 

Of the many mayors to be elected in the town of Blacksburg, Mayor Sutfin is the youngest, and is only one of few Blacksburg mayors who is still living. This year, as the United States celebrated their 250th anniversary, Montgomery County did the same. Mayor Sutfun shared insight on the celebration, some upcoming events across the county, and local history. 

Can you speak a little bit about the 250th anniversary of Montgomery County?

We are one of two localities in Virginia celebrating our 250th anniversary. The other is Washington County. The United States is celebrating their 250th anniversary too, so our celebration coincides with that. It’s something that Montgomery County in Blacksburg and Christiansburg are celebrating this year.

Why are other counties nearby not celebrating 250, but Montgomery is?

Some of the counties predate the United States and they incorporated before the US did. Montgomery was created out of what was called Fincastle County in 1776. There is a document called the Fincastle Resolutions which was passed and it broke up our counties.

The Virginia General Assembly divided Fincastle County in 1776 into three counties: Montgomery, Washington, and Kentucky. Neighboring counties like Roanoke County were officially established in 1838 and Radford County was established in 1892.

What is Montgomery County doing to celebrate?

A couple years ago, the Montgomery County Board of supervisors set up a VA250 committee that was tasked with finding ways for the community to celebrate. So, they set up a mobile museum with pop-up events in the area. The Montgomery Museum in Christiansburg has displays about the history. There is a 5k race for awareness, a community time capsule project happening, and the original Montgomery County courthouse bell, they restored it and did a commemoration event for it. 

In Virginia, there’s a strong tradition of cities being separate from counties. Blacksburg is a town, within Montgomery County, so both the Montgomery and Blacksburg governments have to work very closely together to accomplish all the goals. They each provide different services.

What could you tell us about Montgomery history?

The earliest European settlement was in the 1740s, and there was a strong native population before that. Some of our earliest areas were in places called Drapers Meadow, Hans Meadow, which then turned into the modern day Christiansburg and Blacksburg.

What are Montgomery County’s biggest economic drivers?

Education is probably the biggest. Within Montgomery County, the biggest employer is Virginia Tech. It’s one of the biggest draws to the community. The second largest employer is the Montgomery County School System. So, education really is our huge driver in this community. We also have a whole host of different technologies and manufacturers who are building expertise and spinning them off into companies. 

What sets Montgomery County apart from other counties in Virginia? 

It’s in a great location, right off the I-81 corridor, we have a straight shot up to northern Virginia or further south. We’re by the blue ridge mountains, so we have a very idyllic, beautiful location, but we also have a vibrant university and community. 

So you’re celebrating 250 years now… but what do you hope to see in Montgomery county in the next 50, 100 years?

I think Montgomery county will continue to grow, but as we do, I hope we are able to hold onto what makes us special. Our character, and our history as well. I think in the next 50 years, people will still recognize us as Montgomery County for who we are. We are always thinking of what’s next. We have the Amtrak coming in in the fall of 2027, which will help Montgomery County grow.